STATEMENT - ASSUMPTIONS

FORMAT OF THE PROBLEM
Directions : In each question below a statement (or a passage) is followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken in for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and then decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement. Give answer:
(a) if only assumption I is implicit.
(b) if only assumption II is implicit.
(c) if either assumption I or assumption
II is implicit.
(d) if neither of the assumptions is
implicit.
(e) if both the assumptions are implicit.
Eg. Statement: Read the study material
prepared by XYZ to get a high score in the exam.
ASSUMPTIONS :
I. Study material prepared by XYZ is of good
quality.
II. Getting a high score in the exam is
desirable.
ASSUMPTION
An assumption is something which is assumed, supposed and taken for granted. When someone says something he may not put every aspect of his idea into words. That which is left unsaid or taken for granted is called an assumption.
IMPLICATION
Implication is something which is implied. It is the hidden meaning of the statement. Sometimes implications are also taken as assumptions.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ASSUMPTION AND
IMPLICATION
An assumption is something on which the statement is based, while implication is something which is derived from and therefore based upon the statement. While doing problems on statementassumption one should read each statement very carefully and whenever find anything presupposed or taken for granted, immediately notice it. Misreading of some facts leads to incorrect answer. So while reading one should be conscious about words because sometimes a single word's presence or absence changes
the entire meaning of a sentence.
Points to be remembered while evaluating
assumptions :
The use of definite words may lend a different tone to a statement. So one should be careful about them. For example some key words like 'only', 'best', 'strongest', 'all', 'definitely', 'certainly' etc. impact a kind of exclusiveness to the sentence and thus reduce its range.
Ex : Statement : You should use computers to increase the efficiency of your office.
I. Only the use of computers can increase the efficiency of office.
II. The use of computers can increase the efficiency of the office.
Assumption II is a valid one but I is not valid. In the statement it is suggested that computers may be used to increase the efficiency but it is not said that only computers can increase the efficiency. It is only one of the methods by which the efficiency can be increased.
1) When two suggestions / events / facts,
A and B are connected by the conjuction,
a) A because / as a result of B
Assumption - B leads to A
b) A therefore / hence B
Assumption - A leads to B
c) A even after / inspite of / despite B
Assumption - Usually A does not occur
when B occurs.
Ex: The house was robbed inspite of the tight security in that area.

2) Whenever you come across a connotative or connotive phrases note that,
a) "It is true that" can be expressed as
i) It would be correct to say that....
ii) Even the most sceptic men would agree that......
iii) It can be claimed with reasonable degree of truth that.....
b) It is false can be expressed as
i) It is highly misleading to say that.....
ii) Nothing could be farther from the truth that....
iii) It is baseless to say that.....

3) If the statement tells about the existence of something the assumption should be that it does exists. If it is said that something is absent, the assumption should be that it not exists.
Statement :The increase in the improved number of educated women.
Assumption : There are educated women in the society.
4) If an adjective is attached (unconditionally) to any subject, it must be assumed that the subject, does havethe quality.
Ex. Statement : The talkative nature of Sheela attracted everybody's attention. Valid assumption: Sheela is talkative.
5) Suppose a fact / report / observation / study / data 'A' followed by a suggested course of action B is given. If some negative aspect of A is mentioned,The valid assumptions can be
i) A needs improvement.
ii) The negative aspects of A are undesirable
iii) B will improve A
iv) The advantages of adopting B far outweigh the disadvantages of net adapting it.
6) Advertisements / notices / appeals Statements in the form of an advertisement or an official notice or a notice issued in the public interest or an appeal are often asked in the recent exams.
The following assumptions are valid in
these cases.
i) An advertisement / appeal / notice does have some effect.
ii) In the case of an advertisement, that which is being highlighted is looked forand expected by the people.
iii) In the case of a public - interest notice, it is the duty of those who issue it, to issue such notices.
iv) In case of a public interest notice, what is being advised must be beneficial for people and its non-practice harmful in
some way.
v) In case of an appeal, the reason for issuing it exists.
vi) In case of an official notice, the effect of its implementation will be beneficial for
the organisation.

TIPS FOR QUICK ANSWER


From the explanations given above you can find that there may be more than one valid assumption for a statement. In almost all cases they are not mutually exclusive. So if you find that both the assumptions are valid mark the answer 'both are implicit'. The answer choice "Either I or II is implicit" is to be marked only when one assumption excludes the other. This case occurs only very rarely. So be careful before
marking this choice. In questions with more than two
assumptions its combinations like I & II are
implicit, II & III are implicit, I & III are implicit etc. are given as answer choices. If you are sure that assumption III is not implicit you can eliminate answer choices which contains III thus
reducing the number of answer choices. Then select answer from the remaining choices.
You can keep in mind some typical
examples which will help you while answering questions in the examination.
If the given assumption is just contrary to the given statement or if it is not connected with the given statement then the assumption can be immediately rejected. In some cases the assumption is a restatement of the given
statement. The candidate should be careful in evaluating this type of assumptions.
Eg Statement : Small things are beautiful.
Invalid assumptions:
I. Big things are not beautiful.
II. Big things are ugly.
III. Small things are not beautiful.


Assumption III is just the contrary of what is given in the statement. More saying of small things are beautiful does not mean that big things are not beautiful or ugly. So assumptions I & II are not implicit.
Directions : In each question below is given a statement followed by two assumptions - numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.
Give answer (a) if only assumption I is
implicit; (b) If only assumption II is implicit; (c) If
either I or II is implicit; (d) if neither I nor II is
implicit and (e) if both I and II are implicit.
Solved Examples:
1. Statement : Read the study material prepared by XYZ to get a high score in the exam.
Assumptions :
I Study material prepared by XYZ is of good quality.
II Getting a high score in the exams is desirable.
Ans (e). Both the assumptions are implicit in the statement. It is said in the statement that the study material prepared by XYZ helps to get a high score, which means that the study material by XYZ is of good quality thus assumption I is implicit. Reading the study material is recommended to get a high score in the exam, that is getting a high score, in the exams is desirable. Hence II is also implicit.
2. Statement : This book is invested to guide the layman to study tailoring in the absence of a teacher.
Assumptions :
I. A teacher of tailoring may not be available to everyone.
II. Tailoring can be learnt with the help of a book.
Ans(e). Both the assumptions are implicit. The book is intended to teach in the absence of a teacher. From this we can enter that the absence of teacher is a possibility, thus assumption I is valid. Since the book is intended to teach tailoring, assumption II is also implicit.
3. Statement : Buy pure and natural pearls of company `X' - an advertisement.
Assumption :
I. Artificial pearls can be prepared.
II. People do not mind paying more for pure and natural pearls.
Ans (a). The advertisement tells that the pearls of company X is natural, this means that
artificial pearls may be available in the market. So assumption I is implicit. But the advertisement tells nothing about the price of the pearls. So II cannot be implicit.

Reasoning Practice test - 4 for Clerk exam

1.In a certain code language, ’3a, 2b, 7c’ means ‘Truth is Eternal’; ’7c, 9a, 8b, 3a’ means ‘Enmity is not Eternal’ and 6a, 4d, 2b, 8b’ means ‘Truth does not perish’. Which of the following means ‘enmity’ in that language?
(a) 3a
(b) 7c
(c) 8b
(d) 9a



2. In a certain code language, ‘po ki top ma’ means ‘Usha is playing cards’; ‘Kop ja ki ma’ means ‘Asha is playing tennis’; ki top sop ho’ means ‘they are playing football’; and ‘po sur kop’ means ‘cards and tennis’. Which word in that language means ‘Asha’?
(a) ja
(b) ma
(c) kop
(d) top


3. A girl was born on September 6, 1970, which happened to be a Sunday. Her birthday has again fall on Sunday in
(a) 1975
(b) 1976
(c) 1977
(d) 1981


4. A long rope has to be cut to make 23 small pieces. If it is double folded to start with how many times does it need to be cut?
(a) 9
(b) 23
(c) 11
(d) 12


5. There are 19 hockey players in a club. On a particular day 14 were wearing the hockey shirts prescribed, while 11 were wearing the prescribed hockey pants. None of them was without either hockey pants or hockey shirts. How many were in complete hockey uniform?
(a) 8
(b) 6
(c) 9
(d) 7


6. In a class room three fourth of the boys are above 160 cm in height and they are 18 in number. Also out of the total strength, the boys form only two third and the rest are girls. The total number of girls in the class is
(a) 18
(b) 24
(c) 12
(d) 30


7. ‘A’ is east of ‘B’ and west of ‘C’. ‘H’ is South-West of ‘C’, ‘B’ is South-East of ‘X’. which is farthest West?
(a) C
(b) A
(c) X
(d) B


8. A girl earns twice as much in December as in each of the other months. What part of her entire year’s earning does she earn in December?
(a) 2/11
(b) 2/13
(c) 3/14
(d) 1/6


9. One watch is 1 minute slow at 1 pm on Tuesday and 2 minutes fast at 1 pm on Thursday. When did it show the correct time?
(a) 1.00 am on Wednesday
(b) 5.00 am on Wednesday
(c) 1.00 pm on Wednesday
(d) 5.00 pm on Wednesday


10. Given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.
Mark (a) if only assumption I is implicit
Mark (b) if only assumption II is implicit
Mark (c) if either I or II is implicit
Mark (d) if neither I or II is implicit

Statement : Even with the increase in the number of sugar factories in India. We still continue to import sugar.
Assumptions :
I. The consumption of sugar per capita has increased in India.
II. Many of the factories are not in a position to produce sugar to their fullest capacity.


11. Given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.
Mark (a) if only assumption I is implicit
Mark (b) if only assumption II is implicit
Mark (c) if either I or II is implicit
Mark (d) if neither I or II is implicit
Statement : I cannot contact you on phone from Karshik.
Assumption :
I. Telephone facility is not available at Karshik.
II. Nowadays it is difficult to contact on phone.


12. Given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.
Mark (a) if only assumption I is implicit
Mark (b) if only assumption II is implicit
Mark (c) if either I or II is implicit
Mark (d) if neither I or II is implicit
Statement : The government has decided to reduce the custom duty on computer peripherals.
Assumptions :
I. The domestic market price of computer peripherals may go up in near future.
II. the domestic manufacturers may oppose the decision.
A

13. Given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.
Mark (a) if only assumption I is implicit
Mark (b) if only assumption II is implicit
Mark (c) if either I or II is implicit
Mark (d) if neither I or II is implicit
Statement : In Bombay, railway trains are indispensable for people in the suburbs to reach their places of work on time.
Assumptions :
I. Railway trains are the only mode of transport available in the suburbs of Bombay.
II. Only railway trains run punctually.


14. Given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.
Mark (a) if only assumption I is implicit
Mark (b) if only assumption II is implicit
Mark (c) if either I or II is implicit
Mark (d) if neither I or II is implicit
Statement : The private bus services in the city has virtually collapsed because of the ongoing strike of its employees.
Assumptions :
I. Going on strikes has become the right of every employee.
II. People no more require the services of private bus operators.

15. Given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.
Mark (a) if only assumption I is implicit
Mark (b) if only assumption II is implicit
Mark (c) if either I or II is implicit
Mark (d) if neither I or II is implicit
Statement : Detergents should be used. to clean clothes.
Assumptions :
I. Detergents from more lather.
II. Detergents help to dislodge grease and dirt.


16. Which letter when placed at the sign of interrogation shall complete the matrix? A D H
F I M
? N R
(a) P
(b) N
(c) K
(d) O


17. Which letter when placed at the sign of interrogation shall complete the matrix? A M B N
R C S D
E U F ?
(a) T
(a) F
(c) V
(d) R


18. Which number when placed at the sign of interrogation shall complete the matrix? 1 4 9 ?
1 2 3 4
2 4 6 ?
(a) 16 and 8
(b) 36 and 4
(c) 25 and 5
(d) 49 and 7


19. Which number when placed at the sign of interrogation shall complete the matrix? 6 6 8
5 7 5
4 3 ?
120 126 320
(a) 12
(b) 16
(c) 8
(d) 4


20. In the following questions, there are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the two given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts. Read both the statements and give answer as:
(a) If only conclusion I follows
(b) If only conclusion II follows
(c) If either I or II follows
(d) If neither I nor II follows
Statements:
I. Many scooters are trucks.
II. All trucks are trains
Conclusions:
I. Some scooters are trains. II. No truck is a scooter.


21. In the following questions, there are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the two given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts. Read both the statements and give answer as:(a) If only conclusion I follows.
(b) If only conclusion II follows.
(c) If either I or II follows.
(d) If neither I nor II follows.
Statements:
I. All cars are cats.
II. All fans are cats.
Conclusions:
I. All cars are fans.
II. Some fans are cars.


22. In the following questions, there are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the two given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts. Read both the statements and give answer as:
(a) If only conclusion I follows.
(b) If only conclusion II follows.
(c) If either I or II follows.
(d) If neither I nor II follows.
Statements:
I. All pilots are experts.
II. All authors are pilots.
Conclusions:
I. All authors are experts.
II. No expert in an author.


23. In the following questions, there are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the two given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts. Read both the statements and give answer as:
(a) If only conclusion I follows.
(b) If only conclusion II follows.
(c) If either I or II follows.
(d) If neither I nor II follows.
Statements:
I. Some doctors are institutes.
II. Some crooks are institutes.
Conclusions:
I. All institutes are doctors.
II. Some institutes are crooks.


24. The letter in the centre is to be used more than once while all other letters are to be used only once to form a meaningful word. The first letter of this meaningful word is the answer. If no such meaningful word can be made, then give ‘X’ as the answer, and if more than one such meaningful words can be made, then give ‘M’ as the answer.
(a) L
(b) E
(c) X
(d) M


25. If the positions of the fifth and the twelfth letters of the word GLORIFICATIONS are interchanged and likewise the positions of the fourth and fourteenth letters, the third and tenth letters, the second and eleventh letters, the first and thirteenth letters, are interchanged, then which of the following will be the twelfth letter from the right end?
(a) T
(b) O
(C) R
(d) 1

REASONING Practice part of Seating Arrangement ,Statement And Assumptions,

Directions (Q.1-5):  In each of the questions below are given two statements followed by

two conclusions numbered I and II.  You have to take the given statements to be true even if

they seem to at variance from commonly known facts.  Read all the conclusions and

then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements

disregarding commonly known facts.

Give answer 1): if only Conclusion I follows.

Give answer 2): if only Conclusion II follows.

Give answer 3): if either conclusion I or II follows.

Give answer 4): if neither conclusion I nor II follows.

Give answer 5):  if both conclusions I and II follow.

1. Statements: Some  kites are threads.

No thread is needle.

Conclusions: I. Some kites are needles     

II. No needle is thread.

2. Statements: Some books are pens.

All pens are papers.

Conclusions: I.Some papers are books.

II. All pens are papers.

3. Statements: All chairs are buildings.

All tables are buildings.

Conclusions: I. Some chairs are tables.

II. Some tables are chairs.

4. Statements: Some trucks are houses.

Some houses are trains.

Conclusions: I. Some trains are trucks.

II. No train is  fruit.

5. Statements: All flowers are trees.

All trees are fruits.

Conclusions: I. Some fruits are flowers.

II. All flowers are fruits.

Directions (Q.6-10): These questions are based on the following letter/ number/ symbol

arrangement.  Study it carefully and answer the questions that follows:

5 D H E   7 9 $ F I 6 R % L I A J 3 B # 4 @

K P 8 U M 2

6. Four of the following five are alikes in a cer tain way on the basis of their positions in the

above arrangement and so form  a group. Which is the one that does not belong to the

group?

1) $9F 2) R6% 3) 8PU

4)  #B4                   5) 3BJ

7.If all the symbols are removed from the above arrangement which element will be

third to the left of thirteenth from the left?

1)   L 2) R  3) 6  4) I  5) None of these

8. What will come in place of the question mark (?)  in the  following series based on the

above arrangement?

EDH   97   I$F   ?

1) 6RI 2) %R6 3) RI6

4) %6R 5) None of these

9. Which element will be fifth to the right of ninth from the right end if all the numbers are

removed from the above arrangement?

1)  K 2) @ 3) P

4) # 5) None of these

10. How many such numbers are there in the above arrangement each of which is

immediately followed by a consonant but not  immediately preceded by a vowels?             

1) None     2) One                  3) Two

4) Three     5) More than three

Directions (Q.11-15): These questions are based on the basis of following information.

Study it carefully and answer the questions. Eight executives J,K,L,M,N,O,P and Q are sitting around a circular table for a meeting. J is second to the right  of P who is third to the right of K. M is second to the left of O who sits between P and J.  L is not a neighbour of K or N.

11. Who is to the immediate left of L?

1) Q            2) O            3) K

4) N             5) None of these

12. Who is to the immediate left of K?

1) N          2) J               3) Q 

4) Cannot be determined  5) None of these

13. Which of the following is the correct position of N?

1) Second to the right of K

2) To the immediate left of K

3) To the immediate right of M

4) To the immediate right of K

5) None of these

14. Who is third to the right of P?

1) L 2) J                       3) 9

4) N        5) None of these

15. Which of the following groups of persons have the first person sitting between the

other two?

1) PJO           2) OPJ            3) OP

4) MPO          5) None of these

16. 'Captain' is related to 'Team' in the same way as 'Director' is related to which of  the following?

1) Supervisor     2) Employee

3) Organisation  4) Union        

5) Customer

17. Four of the  following  five are alike in a certain way and hence form a group. Which is the one that does not belong to that group?

1) Parent      2) Child       3) Uncle      

4) Cousin     5) Relation

18. Pointing to a photograph of Hari, Vijay said -  'The father of his sister is the husband of my wife's mother.'  How is Vijay related to Hari?

1)  Brother       2) Brother -in-law  3) Uncle

4) Data inadequate     5) None of these

19. If 'spoon' is called 'plate' , 'plate' is called , 'knife', 'knife' is called 'jug', 'jug' is called

'glass', 'glass' is called 'saucer' and 'saucer' is called 'spoon', by what do we cut fruit?

1) spoon     2) jug          3) glass

4) saucer    5) None of these

20. If 'A' is substituted by 26, 'B' by 25 and so on upto 'Z' which is substituted by I, what

will be the sum of the numbers substituted for the word 'WAXY'?

1)  33     2) 35     3) 37    4) 73

5) None of these

21. In a certain code COIMBATORE is written as DPJNCBUPSF.   How is INDORE

written in that code?

1) JOENQF    2) JMCPQD   3) JOEPSF 

4) HMCNQD  5) None of these

22. Geeta is senior to Shilpa but not to Deepa, Gayathi is Junior to  Deepa. No one is

senior to Fatima.  Who is most Junior?

1) Shilpa       2) Geeta   3) Gayatri

4) Data inadequate      5) None of these

23. Sachin is sitting to the immediate left of Meena but not next to Bharathi; Parveen is

sitting to the right of Bharathi.  If the four friends are sitting in a circle who is sitting to the immediate right of Meena?

1) Parveen  2) Bharathi 3) Sachin    

4) Meena    5) Cannot be determined

24. How many three-letter meaningful English words can be formed from the word NOTE

beginning with T and without repeating any letter within that word?

1) Three       2) One         3) Two

4) zero         5) None of these

25. If '×' means '+', '+' means '÷', '÷' means  '-' and '-',means '×', what will be the value of

the following expression?

5 - 7 × 9 +3 ÷ 2

1) 36        2) 315        3) 48

4) 44        5) None of these

Key:  1-2   2-1   3-4   4-3   5-5   6-5  7-2

8-4   9-1   10-2   11-5   12-3   13-4  14-1

15-2   16-3   17-5 18-2 19-2 20-2   21-3

22-4  23-2   24-1  25-1.

BANK EXAMS SPECIAL :Statement & Assumptions

Directions (1-5): In each question below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and deci-de which of the assumptions is impli-cit in the statement. 

(Canara Bank PO-2009)
Give answer (a) if only assumption I is implicit.
Give answer (b) if only assumption II is implicit.
Give answer (c) if either assum-ption I or assumption II is Implicit.
Give answer (d) if neither assump-tion I nor assumption II is Implicit.
Give answer (e) if both assumptions I and II are Implicit.

1.Statement: Even though the number of sugar factories are increasing at a fast rate in India, We still continue to import it from other countries.

Assumption

I.Even the increased number of factories may not be able to meet the demand of sugar in India. 

II.The demand for sugar may in-crease substantially in future.

2.Statement: The government an-nounced a heavy compensation package for all the victims of the terrorist attacks.

Assumption

I.Such incidents of terror may not occur in near future. 
II. Compensation may mitigate the anger among the citizens against the current government.

3.Statement: Many organizations have switched over to online mode of examinations..

Assumption
I.Candidates from all parts of the country may be well versed using computers.
II.On-line mode of examina-tions helps in recruiting more capable personnel.

4. Statement: Government has decided to relocate all the facto-ries from
the city with immediate effect to reduce the pollution.

Assumption

I.Pollution in the city is being caused only because of the factories existing there.

II.People may be able to manage travelling daily to the relocated factories..

5.Statement: Gambling through lotteries is banned by central government in all the states with immediate effect.

Assumption
I.This may save innocent citizens from getting cheated of their hard earned money. 

II.The citizens may not gamble in any other way if the lotteries are banned.
Answers: 1) e, 2) b, 3) a, 4) b, 5) a

Directions (6-10): In each question below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and deci-de which of the assumptions is impli-cit in the statement. (IOB PO -2009)

6.Statement: Many employees of the organization applied for special sabbatical leave of two years to pursue higher education.

Assumption

I.The management of the org-anization may not grant leave to most of these employees.

II.These employees may be able to complete their education during the sabbatical leave.

7.Statement: The college adminis-tration has instructed all the students to stop using cell phones within the college premises.

Assumption

I.The students may stop using cell phones in the college premises.
II.The students may continue to use cell phones in the college premises.

8.Statement: The Govt. has decid-ed to levy congestion tax on pas-sengers travelling by air to and from the metro cities

Assumption

I.The tax so collected may be adequate to meet part of the expenses for providing additi-onal resources to handle huge traffic.
II.Passengers travelling by air to and from these cities may be able to pay extra amount by way of congestion tax.

9.Statement: The local citizens group submitted a memorandum to the civic authority for allowing them to convert the vacant plot in the locality into a garden at their own cost.

Assumption

I.The local citizen group may be able to gather enough funds to develop the garden.

II.The civic authority may not accede to the request of the local citizen group
10.Statement: Most of the private companies have decided against awarding annual increase in the salaries of their employees for the previous year due to the current economic situation.

Assumption

I.Majority of the employees may leave their job to protest against the decision.
II.These companies may annou-nce hike in salaries next year.

Answers: 6) b, 7) a, 8) e, 9) a, 10) d

Explanations:6. (b) When one applies for leave, one assumes that it would be granted Hence I is not implicit. But assumption II is implicit because only then the period of "two years" assumes meaning.

7.(a) When you instruct some one to do something, you assume that he may do it. Hence I is implicit and II is not.

8.e) Assumption I is implicit as this is the purpose assumed while leaving the tax. II is also implicit because when a rule is framed, it is assumed that people are capable of following it.

9.(a) Assumption I is implicit in "at their own cost". Assumption II is contrary to what the citizens may have assumed.

10.(d) Were it assumed that the employees might leave, such a decision would not be taken. Hence Assumption I is not implicit. Assumption II is not implicit because "next year" is present no where in the picture.

Directions (11-14): In each question below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something I supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.
(Andhra Bank PO-2009)

11.Statement: Many People fell ill after consuming meal at a wedding reception and were rushed to the nearby government and private hospitals.

Assumption

I.The relatives of the affected people may refuse to take them to the government hospitals.
II.The nearby hospitals may be able to attend to all the affected people.

12.Statement: The government has recently announced incentive package for setting up new business ventures in the rural Ares and promised uninterrupted power supply to all the units.

Assumption

I.The government may be able to supply adequate power to all such units. 
II.People living in the rural areas may welcome the government decision.

13.Statement: The municipal auth-ority blocked movement of traffic in and around the temple during the main festival city.

Assumption
I.Very large number of devotees may visit the temple during the main festival day.

II.People travelling to the areas near the temple may postpone their journey by a day unless they have very urgent work in that area.

14.Statement: The government has instructed all the private schools in the city to maintain the current fees for at least two more years.

Assumption

I.The authorities of private schools may not follow the government instruction as they are not dependent on government funds.
II.The parents of the students of private schools of the city may still be eager to pay higher fees.
Answers: 11) b, 12) e, 13) e, 14) d 

Explanations

11.(b) Only assumption II seems to be implicit in the statement. People who fell ill were rushed to the nearby hospitals. It implies that the nearby hospitals were able to attend to all the affected people.

12.(e) Both the assumptions are implicit in the statement, if the government was not able to supply adequate power, such promise has not been made by the government. Any measure taken by the government for the benefit of people is graciously welcomed by the people.

13.(e) Clearly both the assumptions are implicit in the statement.
14.(a) None of the assumptions is implicit in the statement. The government issued instruction assuming that the authorities of private schools may follow it.